What is API Gateway?

Turkish: API Gateway

An API Gateway sits between clients and services to centralize routing, authentication, quotas, observability, and versioning.

What is an API Gateway?

An API Gateway is a central entry layer between clients and backend services. A mobile app, web interface, or third-party developer sends requests to one address; the gateway routes each request to the correct service and applies shared controls.

This layer can manage authentication, rate limits, quotas, header transformations, logging, metrics, and version routing in one place. In a microservice environment, it prevents every service from reimplementing the same security and observability code.

How It Works

The request reaches the gateway first. The gateway validates the token, checks IP or customer-plan rules if needed, forwards the request according to route configuration, and returns the response to the client. Some gateways also handle response transformation, caching, or request aggregation.

Business Use

As the number of APIs grows, access control and operational visibility become scattered. An API Gateway centralizes traffic management, but it should not become the place where all business logic lives. The gateway should enforce shared edge policies while core domain rules remain in services.

For SaaS and mobile backend projects exposing REST APIs, gateway choice should be evaluated through latency, plugin ecosystem, deployment model, and observability integrations.