What is FTP (File Transfer Protocol)?
Turkish: FTP
FTP is an older protocol for transferring files over a network; because it lacks encryption, SFTP or HTTPS is usually preferred today.
What is FTP?
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an older network protocol used to upload, download, list, and delete files between a client and a server. It still appears in web hosting panels and some enterprise file-transfer processes.
How Does It Work?
FTP usually opens a control connection on port 21. File transfer then uses a separate data connection. The difference between active and passive mode is which side starts that data connection; passive mode is more common behind firewalls and NAT.
The main issue is security. Classic FTP can send usernames, passwords, and file contents without encryption. For sensitive transfers over the internet, SFTP, FTPS, or HTTPS-based upload flows are usually safer choices.
Where Is It Still Used?
FTP may appear in older hosting environments for theme or file uploads, batch file exchange with suppliers, or legacy integrations. New projects should not choose it only because it is familiar.
If FTP must be used, access should be limited by IP, account permissions should be narrow, stronger alternatives should be considered, and transfer logs should be monitored.
Related Terms
HTTPS encrypts HTTP traffic with TLS, providing confidentiality, integrity, and server identity between user, browser, and server.
SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol)SFTP transfers files over an SSH connection through encrypted command and data channels, supporting key-based authentication.