What is gRPC?
Turkish: gRPC
gRPC is an RPC framework that uses Protocol Buffers and HTTP/2 for fast, type-safe communication between services.
What is gRPC?
gRPC is a high-performance RPC framework that lets one service call a function on another service as if it were local. It was open sourced by Google and usually defines service contracts with Protocol Buffers files.
Where REST focuses on resource URLs and JSON, gRPC defines services, methods, and message types in .proto files. Client and server code can then be generated for different programming languages from the same contract.
How Does It Work?
gRPC runs over HTTP/2, which enables multiplexing, header compression, and streaming over one connection. Protocol Buffers serialize data into a binary format that can produce smaller and faster messages than JSON.
The main call types are:
- Unary: One request, one response
- Server streaming: One request, many responses
- Client streaming: Many requests, one response
- Bidirectional streaming: Continuous two-way flow
Business Use
gRPC is used for internal microservice communication, low-latency financial services, IoT gateways, real-time data processing, and polyglot backend systems. Its typed contract helps teams catch API-breaking changes earlier.
For public web clients, browser-heavy integrations, and simple partner APIs, a REST API or GraphQL endpoint may be easier to consume. Choosing gRPC should include operational concerns such as observability, load balancing, and gateway support.